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The Lee-Huang-Yang energy for a dilute gas of hard spheres: an upper bound

Giulia Basti, Morris Brooks, Serena Cenatiempo, Alessandro Olgiati, Benjamin Schlein

13/3/26 Published in : arXiv:2603.13084

We consider a quantum gas consisting of N hard spheres with radius \frak{a} > 0, obeying bosonic statistics and moving in the box \Lambda = [0;L]^3 with periodic boundary conditions. We are interested in the ground state energy per unit volume in the thermodynamic limit, with N, L \to \infty at fixed density \rho = N / L^3. We derive an upper bound for the ground state energy density, matching the famous Lee-Huang-Yang formula, up to lower order terms, in the dilute limit \rho \frak{a}^3 \ll 1.

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